NNST
Repo for the algorithm NNST-Opt, described in the preprint “Neural Neighbor Style Transfer”, please feel free to email any questions to [email protected] Paper Link: https://ttic.uchicago.edu/~nickkolkin/Paper/NNST_Preprint.pdf
Dependencies
Tested With:
- Python 3.7.7
- Pytorch 1.5.0
- Imageio 2.8.0
- Numpy 1.18.1
Example Output
Example output produced using included files with the command:
python styleTransfer.py --content_path inputs/content/C1.png --style_path inputs/style/S4.jpg --output_path ./output.jpg
To produce an output without color correction use the command
python styleTransfer.py --content_path inputs/content/C1.png --style_path inputs/style/S4.jpg --output_path ./output.jpg --dont_colorize
Examples of using NNST to generate keyframes for video stylization
https://home.ttic.edu/~nickkolkin/nnst_video_supp.mp4
Hardware Requirements
Primarily tested in gpu mode with nvidia gpus using cuda, cpu mode implemented but not tested extensively (and is very slow). Generating 512×512 outputs requires ~6GB of memory, generating 1024×1024 outputs requires ~12GB of memory.
Usage
Default Settings (512×512 Output):
python styleTransfer.py --content_path PATH_TO_CONTENT_IMAGE --style_path PATH_TO_STYLE_IMAGE --output_path PATH_TO_OUTPUT
(Optional Flag) Producing 1024×1024 Output.
N.B: to get the most out of this setting use styles that are at least 1024 pixels on the long side, the included styles are too small (512 pixels on the long side):
python styleTransfer.py --content_path PATH_TO_CONTENT_IMAGE --style_path PATH_TO_STYLE_IMAGE --output_path PATH_TO_OUTPUT --high_res
(Optional Flag) Set Alpha, must be between 0.0 and 1.0. Alpha=1.0 corresponds to maximum content preservation, Alpha=0.0 is maximum stylization (Default is 0.75):
python styleTransfer.py --content_path PATH_TO_CONTENT_IMAGE --style_path PATH_TO_STYLE_IMAGE --output_path PATH_TO_OUTPUT --alpha ALPHA_VALUE
(Optional Flag) Augment style image with rotations. Slows down algorithm and increases memory requirement. Generally improves content preservation but hurts stylization slightly:
python styleTransfer.py --content_path PATH_TO_CONTENT_IMAGE --style_path PATH_TO_STYLE_IMAGE --output_path PATH_TO_OUTPUT --do_flip
(Optional Flag) Cpu Mode, this takes tens of minutes even for a 512×512 output:
python styleTransfer.py --content_path PATH_TO_CONTENT_IMAGE --style_path PATH_TO_STYLE_IMAGE --output_path PATH_TO_OUTPUT --cpu
(Optional Flag) Use experimental content loss. The most common failure mode of our method is that colors will shift within an object creating highly visible artifacts, if that happens this flag can usually fix it, but currently it has some drawbacks which is why it isn’t enabled by default (see below for details). One advantage of using this flag though is that Alpha can typically be set all the way to 0.0 and the content will remain recognizable:
python styleTransfer.py --content_path PATH_TO_CONTENT_IMAGE --style_path PATH_TO_STYLE_IMAGE --output_path PATH_TO_OUTPUT --content_loss
Optional Flags can be combined.
Experimental Content Loss
Because by default our method doesn’t use a content loss it sometimes destroys important content details, especially if alpha is below 0.5. I’m currently working on a minimally invasive content loss based on the self-similarity matrix of the downsampled content image. So far it seems to reliably ensure the content is preserved, but has two main flaws.
The first is that it causes periodic artifacts (isolated bright or dark pixels at regular intervals), which is caused by using bilinear downsampling. I’m working on a modified downsampler that randomizes the blur kernel which should fix this, and I’ll update this repo when it’s ready.
The second is that for styles with limited pallettes (typically drawing based styles), the content loss will cause unfaithful colors that interpolate between the limited palette, I’m still thinking of a way to address this.
Included Example Inputs
The most important thing about choosing input style and content images is ensuring that they are at least as high resolution as the output image you want (this is most important for the style image, but very helpful for the content image as well).
Generally I’ve found that style images which work well for one image, tend to work well for many images, I’ve included some examples of such images in ./inputs/style/ . If a style image consists of large visual elements (for example large shapes in a cubist painting), our method is less likely to capture it. Sometimes setting Alpha to be near 1.0 will work, but this isn’t guaranteed.
The content images that work the best are ones with a single large object. The smaller or lower contrast an aspect of the content image is, the more likely it will be lost in the final output. I’ve included some examples of content images that work well in ./inputs/content/
